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There are occasions when a loose player may play tighter than normal.  This can happen when the player has just rallied back from a significant loss to the point where he is close to even or slightly ahead.  This player will now be more cognizant of that breakeven point and will be more
risk-adverse than normal.  He does not want to get back in the red since he had to battle so hard to get out of it.  Another time this can happen is when a player has a decent win and is close to leaving.  You can see this when he starts to rack up his chips and looks like he is waiting until the big blind gets to him before he leaves.  Since he had a nice win, he does not want to leave and give some of his winnings back, at the same time, he does not want to give up on the positive expectancy of getting “free” hands when not in the blinds.  Another time is when the player is talking to a friend who is not playing at the table but is just “visiting”.  In that case, the player will usually try not to embarrass himself with poor play, and will play as solidly as he knows how.

Deception can be a useful tool in poker.  It is nice when an opponent is playing against you thinking you have one hand when you actually have another.  You are forcing your opponent to act incorrectly.  An example of deception was used in the previous section where a check on the Turn convinced your opponent to think he had the better hand than you had.  Bad players make these mistakes without another player deceiving them.  They deceive themselves and will often call you down when they are very unlikely to have the best hand.  Against good players who can play more correctly, you will want to vary your play now and then.  Play the same hand differently in the same situations if you can do so without giving up much edge.  This will make your opponent think twice on future handsto future hands.
Here is a situation:
You are in the big blind and you hold ATs.  Everyone folds to the button who is a good player.  He raises and the small blind folds.  In a situation like this, re-raising or calling is fairly close in value.  It is nice to mix up your play by sometimes re-raising and sometimes calling so your opponent will not have a good handle on what you have when you are re-raising him.
Continuing on with the hand, let’s say you simply called his pre-Flop raise.
Your hand: ATs
Flop: A-Q-3 rainbow
You check and he bets.  A check-raise may scare off your opponent if he does not have an A, but since you want to also sometimes check-raise when you have KJ and JT (for just a gut shot straight draw), you also need to check-raise sometimes when you do flop an A.  When you are
check-raising without the A in future hands, your opponent may assume you do have an A and fold if he does not have one himself.  If you play a hand like this the same way every time, it will allow the more astute players to put you on a hand too easily.  For example, if you always check-raise when you have an A in this spot, but never when you have a straight draw, then your opponent knows he can fold a hand like QJ.  On the other hand, if you never check-raise when you have a weak A, but always check-raise with the inside straight draw, then your opponent can feel comfortable calling you down with the same QJ hand.  Mixing up your play will put him on the defensive, and he will not be sure exactly what you have.  Scenarios like this come up more often in shorthanded games than they do in full games.
When you vary your game, your play may look dumb once in a while.  In the above scenario with a flop of A-Q-3, if you had check-raised with KJ and lost the hand while being forced to show it down on the River, it may look like you were gambling it up and taking unnecessary risk.  Some observers may even think you are on tilt or playing poorly, and not give you the rightful respect you deserve as a poker player.  When this happens, it is best to try to use this to your advantage.  Now you should play a bit tighter and semi-bluff less in future hands because the observant opponents are going to be more likely to call given your previous play.
With all that said, it would be wrong to vary your play too much if it means you are giving up too much expectancy on the current hand compared to the possible expectancy you may receive on future hands.  Some players will take this idea too far and play wild and crazy just to establish an image of a maniac.  They will surely increase their expectancy on future hands when they do get back to playing correctly.  However, they may be losing too much on the current hand in order to establish that wild image.  A good way to vary your play is to change up in situations where there really is not too much difference how you play.  This way you are not losing much edge and yet gain the benefit of making it tough for your opponents to read your hand correctly.

The typical conception of players who play tight pre-Flop is they can be bluffed out of a pot in later rounds with a well-timed bluff raise or semi-bluff. Although this stereotype may be used when you do not know the players well, it shows the importance of observing and judging individual players on how they play their hands. Tight pre-Flop players who have entered a pot are entering the pot with higher quality hands than other players. If they are entering the pot with higher quality hands that means they will typically have more reason to continue on through the hand than they would if they played more starting hands. It may turn out that a pre-Flop tight player folds less often, on a percentage basis once he is already in the pot, than a looser player because the looser player often has little reason to continue with the hand after the Flop. Any player will find it tough to fold a big pocket pair, overcards to the board or inside straight draws with overcards (such as AQ when the high card on the board is a J or T). Many players, even those that are tight pre-Flop, will fall in love and get married to these premium pre-Flop hands. This can especially happen if they are selective and it is one of the few hands that they have played recently. Your observation of your opponent’s play is useful as you would be able to identify this type of minute difference that others may miss.

Professional players are sharp and observant. They will observe your play and have a better idea of how you play than other players will. Normally you want to stay out of their way if you have a marginal hand. But if you are involved with a professional player, you need to think about what he thinks of you. If you have been playing tight, they may peg you as a tight player. Then you can bluff or semi-bluff with a higher degree of success. If you have made some fancy plays, such as semi-bluffing and raising for free cards, they may be more inclined to call you down. However, in the long run, it will be difficult to trick a sharp, observant player into thinking you are what you are not. You have to accept the fact that these players will have a decent handle on your game. The money you expect to make at the table is going to come from other players.

It is possible that sharp players will play differently against other players than they would against you. If you are a decent player yourself, the sharp players will likely know this and play against you accordingly. They may bet for value against weak calling stations, but would not when you are their opponent. They may call down aggressive semi-bluffers, but may not when you are the player doing the raising. They may semi-bluff the tight players, but may not if they think you are likely to call. It is useful to know what they think of you and how they will play against you in specific situations. All of this takes time in studying the players to pinpoint their level of understanding.

In order to identify how players play, you should get a sense of their pattern of play. Players tend to be consistent with their styles, so if you observe their play, you will have a better idea of what you are up against in future hands. Here are a few things to watch for and what they may mean.
1. Do they like to be the bettor or raiser or do they like to be the caller?
Players who like to bet or raise are aggressive in general. This may mean they are a bit unpredictable as they can bet or raise with a wider variety of hands. Players who like to call or check are more predictable because when they bet or raise, you can be more assured they have a strong hand.
2. Do they play straightforward or are they tricky?
Players who are predictable tend to play in a straightforward manner. When they bet, it means they have a quality hand, when they check it means they have a mediocre or poor hand. Tricky players like to check-raise, slowplay, semi-bluff, bluff and raise for free cards. Many of these plays constitutes playing in a disguised manner in one round but showing the true strength of the hand in another.
3. Do they like to raise with a draw or will they only raise with a made hand?
Players who like to raise with draws are more unpredictable. They could be raising with made hands as well, so when they do raise, it is less clear what type of hand they have. Players who only raise with made hands are more predictable. If you do not have a better made hand yourself, you know you have to catch to beat them.
4. Do they have a good understanding of the game of Hold’em?
In all of these cases, it is important to know if your opponents have a decent understanding of the game. If they do not, then they may be acting based on their misconceptions. For example, a player who has a straight when there is a possible flush on board may disregard the possibility of his opponents holding a flush and may think of the strength of his own hand in isolation. These players are unpredictable only because they have a poor understanding of the game, thus their actions are tougher for an experienced player to rationalize.

There are players who will try to play solidly when they first sit down, and continue to play solidly if they start off winning. But some players can change their styles drastically if they start to lose, particularly if they take a bad beat. All of a sudden, these players will go from playing solid to being a bit more aggressive. Then they will semi-bluff and bluff more. If they continue to lose and get some of their bluffs called, or worse, they get more bad beats, then they could wind up opening up their game and could turn into a maniac-type of player.
This is a situation where having played against the player in the past and knowing this particular characteristic is very useful. If it is the first time you ever played with him and he plays like this, you may assume this is how he plays and use that information the second time you play at the same table with him. But the second time around, he may be running good and playing solidly, in which case, your perception of him will be completely off.